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Narrow Gauge : Any railway of less than the UK standard gauge of 4 foot 8½ inches. Commonly used for industrial sites and particularly in Wales for use in and around slate mines. Ireland also has many 3 foot gauge lines in rural areas.
Neath & Brecon Railway : Absorbed into Great Western Railway 1 July 1922.
Nean Valley Railway : A standard gauge preserved railway in Peterborough.
NMRA : National Model Railroad Association, a worldwide organization of hobbyists who gather to exchange information and promote creative development and fellowship in model railroading. The NMRA’s standards and recommended practices ensure compatibility of mechanical and electrical components from different model railroad manufacturers.
Nondescript Coach : Coach prepared to first-class seating standards, but able to be re-classified as another class. Often used on Southern Railway Boat trains, where seating was required in different proportions of first, second and third class, depending on the individual ship's accommodation. Class was indicated by removable metal plates on the doors. This was particularly useful in the case of second class, since these were the only trains to convey this classification of passenger. q.v. Unclassified.
Normal (Referring to point or signal levers) : The position of a signal or points lever when it is pushed forward, or in the centre position, in its frame. The normal position indicates that the signal is on, or that the points are set for the more commonly-used route (see also reversed).
North British Railway : This railway was incorporated in 1844, to run from Edinburgh to Berwick-upon-Tweed. It later absorbed several other small lines and in 1908 merged with the West Highland Railway to become one of the most extensive and far-reaching railways in Scotland. Its total mileage eventually reached 1241 and included routes to Mallaig, Inverness-shire; Silloth, on the Solway Firth; and Hexham, on the Newcastle and Carlisle section of the North-Eastern Railway. It was absorbed into the London & North Eastern Railway at the 1923 grouping.
North Eastern Railway : This was a very prosperous and efficient railway, formed in 1854 by the merger of the York, Newcastle and Berwick; the York and North Midland; the Leeds Northern and the Malton and Driffield. Other companies were absorbed later, notably the Newcastle and Carlisle in 1862, and the Stockton and Darlington in 1863. As well as forming part of the East Coast Route from London to Edinburgh the NER included important lines around Hull and the coastal towns of East Riding. It was also a major mineral carrier, mainly short hauls from the collieries in Northumberland and Durham to nearby ports. It was absorbed into London & North Eastern Railway at the 1923 grouping.
North London Railway : Worked by London North Western Railway from Dec 1908, it was eventually absorbed into London, Midland & Scottish Railway. Its original route was from the London North Western Railway at Camden to the West India Docks, Blackwall. Subsequent extensions and connecting lines enabled it to cover much of the northern and eastern suburbs of London. It also had junctions with the LNWR, Midland, Great Northern, Great Eastern, London Tilbury and Southend, and Great Western.
North Staffordshire Railway : This was an important and prosperous local railway in the Potteries district, and also an important connecting link in the popular alternative route from London to Manchester, via Stoke-on-Trent and Macclesfield. It was absorbed into the London, Midland & Scottish Railway in July 1923.  

O.
Observation Car : A passenger coach incorporating large windows on the sides and at one end.
Occupation Crossing : A road crossing a railway by overbridge, underpass, or level crossing, where the railway runs through private property.
Off : A signal showing clear to proceed is said to be off. To pull off a signal is to return it to it's all clear indication.
On : In signaling terms, a signal at danger is said to be on.
Open Coach : Coach with the seating arranged in open saloons. Open coaches nearly always have corridor connections. Otherwise, they are more normally described as "saloon coaches". (C.f. compartment coach.)
Operation : Running trains on a layout to simulate the movement of freight and passengers.
Operations Mode Programming : In DCC, also known as "programming on the main". Changing the CVs of an individual locomotive on a track other than the programming track. Not all decoders or DCC systems support this.
Outer Home Signal : Where it is necessary to have two consecutive stop signals within station limits before the platforms are reached, the first one reached in the normal direction of travel is called the "outer-home signal".
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